摘要：
本文将围绕Oracle数据库中的DBMS_SCHEDULER作业管理技术进行深入探讨。首先介绍DBMS_SCHEDULER的基本概念和作用，然后详细讲解如何创建、修改、删除和管理作业，最后分析作业的执行策略和监控方法。通过本文的学习，读者可以全面了解Oracle数据库作业管理的相关知识，为实际应用提供技术支持。
一、
在Oracle数据库中，作业（Job）是一种自动执行的任务，可以按照预定的时间或事件自动执行。DBMS_SCHEDULER是Oracle数据库提供的一个用于创建和管理作业的包。通过DBMS_SCHEDULER，用户可以轻松地创建、修改、删除和管理作业，实现数据库的自动化管理。
二、DBMS_SCHEDULER基本概念
1. 作业（Job）：作业是数据库中的一种任务，可以由用户定义，按照预定的时间或事件自动执行。
2. 作业类（Job Class）：作业类是作业的集合，用于控制作业的执行优先级和资源分配。
3. 作业调度器（Job Scheduler）：作业调度器负责管理作业的执行，包括作业的创建、修改、删除和执行。
4. 作业类型（Job Type）：作业类型定义了作业的执行方式，如SQL语句、PL/SQL程序、外部程序等。
三、创建作业
1. 创建作业类
```sql
BEGIN
DBMS_SCHEDULER.create_job_class(
job_class => 'MY_JOB_CLASS',
job_type => 'EXECUTABLE',
auto_drop => FALSE,
enabled => TRUE,
max_instances => 1,
max_user_jobs => 1,
max_user_job_classes => 1,
max_instances_per_job_class => 1,
max_instances_per_job => 1,
max_user_instances => 1,
max_user_instances_per_job_class => 1,
max_user_instances_per_job => 1,
max_job_runtime => NULL,
max_job_runtime_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_interval => NULL,
max_job_runtime_interval_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_interval => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_interval_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_time => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_time_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_time => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_time_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_time_zone => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_time_zone_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_time_zone => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_time_zone_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_zone => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_zone_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_zone => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_zone_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_with_timezone => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_with_timezone_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_with_timezone => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_with_timezone_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_with_timezone_offset => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_with_timezone_offset_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_with_timezone_offset => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_with_timezone_offset_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_start_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_unit => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow => NULL,
max_job_runtime_window_end_date_time_with_timezone_offset_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval_with_dow_with_interval
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