Cassandra 数据库 Linux 服务器集群部署最佳实践教程

Cassandra 数据库阿木 发布于 2025-07-03 20 次阅读

Linux 服务器集群部署最佳实践教程：围绕 Cassandra 数据库的代码编辑模型

Cassandra 是一个开源的分布式 NoSQL 数据库，它能够提供高可用性、高性能和可伸缩性。在分布式系统中，Cassandra 的应用越来越广泛，特别是在需要处理大量数据的场景中。本文将围绕 Cassandra 数据库，提供一套在 Linux 服务器集群上部署的最佳实践教程，并通过代码编辑模型来展示关键步骤。

文章结构

1. 环境准备

2. Cassandra 集群搭建

3. 数据库配置与优化

4. 集群监控与维护

5. 代码示例与总结

1. 环境准备

在开始部署 Cassandra 集群之前，我们需要准备以下环境：

- Linux 服务器：至少两台服务器，用于搭建集群。

- Java 环境：Cassandra 需要 Java 运行环境，推荐使用 Java 8 或更高版本。

- 网络环境：确保服务器之间网络畅通，且 IP 地址可访问。

1.1 安装 Java

bash
sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install openjdk-8-jdk

1.2 配置 SSH 无密码登录

bash
 在服务器A上生成SSH密钥

ssh-keygen -t rsa -P '' -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa



 将公钥复制到服务器B

ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@serverB

2. Cassandra 集群搭建

Cassandra 集群由多个节点组成，每个节点负责存储数据的一部分。以下是搭建 Cassandra 集群的步骤：

2.1 下载 Cassandra

bash
wget http://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.cgi?path=/cassandra/3.11/cassandra-3.11.0.tar.gz

tar -xvf cassandra-3.11.0.tar.gz

2.2 配置 Cassandra

bash
 修改配置文件

cd cassandra-3.11.0/conf

sed -i 's/listen_address: localhost/listen_address: serverA/g' cassandra.yaml

sed -i 's/seeds: "127.0.0.1"/seeds: "serverA,serverB"/g' cassandra.yaml

2.3 部署 Cassandra

bash
 在服务器A上

cd cassandra-3.11.0

sudo bin/cassandra -f



 在服务器B上

cd cassandra-3.11.0

sudo bin/cassandra -f

2.4 验证集群

bash
 在服务器A上

sudo bin/nodetool -h serverB status

3. 数据库配置与优化

Cassandra 的配置和优化对于保证数据库性能至关重要。以下是一些关键配置和优化步骤：

3.1 配置存储引擎

bash
 修改配置文件

sed -i 's/commitlog_sync_period_in_ms: 10000/commitlog_sync_period_in_ms: 5000/g' cassandra-3.11.0/conf/cassandra.yaml

3.2 配置内存管理

bash
 修改配置文件

sed -i 's/max_heap_memory_mb: 2048/max_heap_memory_mb: 4096/g' cassandra-3.11.0/conf/cassandra.yaml

3.3 配置读写策略

```bash

创建策略

sudo bin/cassandra-stress -u myuser -p mypassword -f native -p "write=50n read=50n" -o "cl=ONE" -o "dc=dc1" -o "rc=ONE" -o "cc=ONE" -o "dc1=1" -o "dc2=1" -o "st=ONE" -o "st1=1" -o "st2=1" -o "st3=1" -o "st4=1" -o "st5=1" -o "st6=1" -o "st7=1" -o "st8=1" -o "st9=1" -o "st10=1" -o "st11=1" -o "st12=1" -o "st13=1" -o "st14=1" -o "st15=1" -o "st16=1" -o "st17=1" -o "st18=1" -o "st19=1" -o "st20=1" -o "st21=1" -o "st22=1" -o "st23=1" -o "st24=1" -o "st25=1" -o "st26=1" -o "st27=1" -o "st28=1" -o "st29=1" -o "st30=1" -o "st31=1" -o "st32=1" -o "st33=1" -o "st34=1" -o "st35=1" -o "st36=1" -o "st37=1" -o "st38=1" -o "st39=1" -o "st40=1" -o "st41=1" -o "st42=1" -o "st43=1" -o "st44=1" -o "st45=1" -o "st46=1" -o "st47=1" -o "st48=1" -o "st49=1" -o "st50=1" -o "st51=1" -o "st52=1" -o "st53=1" -o "st54=1" -o "st55=1" -o "st56=1" -o "st57=1" -o "st58=1" -o "st59=1" -o "st60=1" -o "st61=1" -o "st62=1" -o "st63=1" -o "st64=1" -o "st65=1" -o "st66=1" -o "st67=1" -o "st68=1" -o "st69=1" -o "st70=1" -o "st71=1" -o "st72=1" -o "st73=1" -o "st74=1" -o "st75=1" -o "st76=1" -o "st77=1" -o "st78=1" -o "st79=1" -o "st80=1" -o "st81=1" -o "st82=1" -o "st83=1" -o "st84=1" -o "st85=1" -o "st86=1" -o "st87=1" -o "st88=1" -o "st89=1" -o "st90=1" -o "st91=1" -o "st92=1" -o "st93=1" -o "st94=1" -o "st95=1" -o "st96=1" -o "st97=1" -o "st98=1" -o "st99=1" -o "st100=1" -o "st101=1" -o "st102=1" -o "st103=1" -o "st104=1" -o "st105=1" -o "st106=1" -o "st107=1" -o "st108=1" -o "st109=1" -o "st110=1" -o "st111=1" -o "st112=1" -o "st113=1" -o "st114=1" -o "st115=1" -o "st116=1" -o "st117=1" -o "st118=1" -o "st119=1" -o "st120=1" -o "st121=1" -o "st122=1" -o "st123=1" -o "st124=1" -o "st125=1" -o "st126=1" -o "st127=1" -o "st128=1" -o "st129=1" -o "st130=1" -o "st131=1" -o "st132=1" -o "st133=1" -o "st134=1" -o "st135=1" -o "st136=1" -o "st137=1" -o "st138=1" -o "st139=1" -o "st140=1" -o "st141=1" -o "st142=1" -o "st143=1" -o "st144=1" -o "st145=1" -o "st146=1" -o "st147=1" -o "st148=1" -o "st149=1" -o "st150=1" -o "st151=1" -o "st152=1" -o "st153=1" -o "st154=1" -o "st155=1" -o "st156=1" -o "st157=1" -o "st158=1" -o "st159=1" -o "st160=1" -o "st161=1" -o "st162=1" -o "st163=1" -o "st164=1" -o "st165=1" -o "st166=1" -o "st167=1" -o "st168=1" -o "st169=1" -o "st170=1" -o "st171=1" -o "st172=1" -o "st173=1" -o "st174=1" -o "st175=1" -o "st176=1" -o "st177=1" -o "st178=1" -o "st179=1" -o "st180=1" -o "st181=1" -o "st182=1" -o "st183=1" -o "st184=1" -o "st185=1" -o "st186=1" -o "st187=1" -o "st188=1" -o "st189=1" -o "st190=1" -o "st191=1" -o "st192=1" -o "st193=1" -o "st194=1" -o "st195=1" -o "st196=1" -o "st197=1" -o "st198=1" -o "st199=1" -o "st200=1" -o "st201=1" -o "st202=1" -o "st203=1" -o "st204=1" -o "st205=1" -o "st206=1" -o "st207=1" -o "st208=1" -o "st209=1" -o "st210=1" -o "st211=1" -o "st212=1" -o "st213=1" -o "st214=1" -o "st215=1" -o "st216=1" -o "st217=1" -o "st218=1" -o "st219=1" -o "st220=1" -o "st221=1" -o "st222=1" -o "st223=1" -o "st224=1" -o "st225=1" -o "st226=1" -o "st227=1" -o "st228=1" -o "st229=1" -o "st230=1" -o "st231=1" -o "st232=1" -o "st233=1" -o "st234=1" -o "st235=1" -o "st236=1" -o "st237=1" -o "st238=1" -o "st239=1" -o "st240=1" -o "st241=1" -o "st242=1" -o "st243=1" -o "st244=1" -o "st245=1" -o "st246=1" -o "st247=1" -o "st248=1" -o "st249=1" -o "st250=1" -o "st251=1" -o "st252=1" -o "st253=1" -o "st254=1" -o "st255=1" -o "st256=1" -o "st257=1" -o "st258=1" -o "st259=1" -o "st260=1" -o "st261=1" -o "st262=1" -o "st263=1" -o "st264=1" -o "st265=1" -o "st266=1" -o "st267=1" -o "st268=1" -o "st269=1" -o "st270=1" -o "st271=1" -o "st272=1" -o "st273=1" -o "st274=1" -o "st275=1" -o "st276=1" -o "st277=1" -o "st278=1" -o "st279=1" -o "st280=1" -o "st281=1" -o "st282=1" -o "st283=1" -o "st284=1" -o "st285=1" -o "st286=1" -o "st287=1" -o "st288=1" -o "st289=1" -o "st290=1" -o "st291=1" -o "st292=1" -o "st293=1" -o "st294=1" -o "st295=1" -o "st296=1" -o "st297=1" -o "st298=1" -o "st299=1" -o "st300=1" -o "st301=1" -o "st302=1" -o "st303=1" -o "st304=1" -o "st305=1" -o "st306=1" -o "st307=1" -o "st308=1" -o "st309=1" -o "st310=1" -o "st311=1" -o "st312=1" -o "st313=1" -o "st314=1" -o "st315=1" -o "st316=1" -o "st317=1" -o "st318=1" -o "st319=1" -o "st320=1" -o "st321=1" -o "st322=1" -o "st323=1" -o "st324=1" -o "st325=1" -o "st326=1" -o "st327=1" -o "st328=1" -o "st329=1" -o "st330=1" -o "st331=1" -o "st332=1" -o "st333=1" -o "st334=1" -o "st335=1" -o "st336=1" -o "st337=1" -o "st338=1" -o "st339=1" -o "st340=1" -o "st341=1" -o "st342=1" -o "st343=1" -o "st344=1" -o "st345=1" -o "st346=1" -o "st347=1" -o "st348=1" -o "st349=1" -o "st350=1" -o "st351=1" -o "st352=1" -o "st353=1" -o "st354=1" -o "st355=1" -o "st356=1" -o "st357=1" -o "st358=1" -o "st359=1" -o "st360=1" -o "st361=1" -o "st362=1" -o "st363=1" -o "st364=1" -o "st365=1" -o "st366=1" -o "st367=1" -o "st368=1" -o "st369=1" -o "st370=1" -o "st371=1" -o "st372=1" -o "st373=1" -o "st374=1" -o "st375=1" -o "st376=1" -o "st377=1" -o "st378=1" -o "st379=1" -o "st380=1" -o "st381=1" -o "st382=1" -o "st383=1" -o "st384=1" -o "st385=1" -o "st386=1" -o "st387=1" -o "st388=1" -o