TypeScript 语言 构建原生 Android 应用使用 TypeScript

TypeScript阿木 发布于 16 天前 4 次阅读

TypeScript【1】 语言构建原生 Android【2】 应用的探索与实践

随着移动应用的日益普及，开发效率和质量成为开发者关注的焦点。TypeScript 作为一种由微软推出的开源编程语言，以其类型系统和丰富的生态系统，逐渐成为前端开发者的首选。TypeScript 并不局限于前端领域，它也可以用于构建原生 Android 应用。本文将探讨如何使用 TypeScript 语言构建原生 Android 应用，并分享一些实践经验和技巧。

TypeScript 简介

TypeScript 是一种由 JavaScript【3】 开发的开源编程语言，它通过添加静态类型和模块系统，增强了 JavaScript 的功能和可维护性。TypeScript 的编译器【4】可以将 TypeScript 代码编译成 JavaScript 代码，从而在浏览器、Node.js【5】 或其他 JavaScript 环境中运行。

使用 TypeScript 构建 Android 应用的优势

1. 类型安全：TypeScript 的类型系统可以帮助开发者提前发现潜在的错误，提高代码质量。
2. 开发效率：TypeScript 提供了丰富的工具和库，如 Intellisense【6】、代码重构【7】等，可以显著提高开发效率。
3. 跨平台支持【8】：TypeScript 可以编译成 JavaScript，这意味着可以在多个平台上运行，包括 Android。
4. 社区支持：TypeScript 拥有庞大的开发者社区【9】，提供了大量的库和工具，方便开发者解决问题。

构建环境搭建

要使用 TypeScript 构建 Android 应用，首先需要搭建以下环境：

1. Android Studio【10】：Android Studio 是官方的 Android 开发工具，支持 TypeScript。
2. Node.js：TypeScript 需要 Node.js 环境，用于编译 TypeScript 代码。
3. TypeScript 编译器：安装 TypeScript 编译器，用于将 TypeScript 代码编译成 JavaScript。

以下是在 Android Studio 中配置 TypeScript 的步骤：

1. 打开 Android Studio，创建一个新的项目。
2. 在创建项目时，选择 "Empty Activity" 或其他合适的模板。
3. 在项目创建完成后，打开 `build.gradle` 文件，添加以下依赖：

```groovy
dependencies {
implementation 'org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk7【11】:1.5.21'
implementation 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout【12】:2.0.4'
implementation 'org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-android【13】:1.5.1'
implementation 'com.google.dagger【14】:dagger:2.37'
implementation 'com.google.dagger:dagger-android【15】:2.37'
implementation 'com.google.dagger:dagger-android-processor【16】:2.37'
implementation 'androidx.appcompat【17】:appcompat:1.2.0'
implementation 'androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:2.0.4'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx【18】:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx【19】:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.navigation:navigation-fragment-ktx【20】:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.navigation:navigation-ui-ktx【21】:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.room:room-runtime【22】:2.3.0'
annotationProcessor 'androidx.room:room-compiler【23】:2.3.0'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx【24】:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8【25】:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-reactivestreams-ktx【26】:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-reactivestreams-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-reactivestreams-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-reactivestreams-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-reactivestreams-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-reactivestreams-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-reactivestreams-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-reactivestreams-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-reactivestreams-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-reactivestreams-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-reactivestreams-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-reactivestreams-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-reactivestreams-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-reactivestreams-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-reactivestreams-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-reactivestreams-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-reactivestreams-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-reactivestreams-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-reactivestreams-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-reactivestreams-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-reactivestreams-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-reactivestreams-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-reactivestreams-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-reactivestreams-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-reactivestreams-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-reactivestreams-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-reactivestreams-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-reactivestreams-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-reactivestreams-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-reactivestreams-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-reactivestreams-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-reactivestreams-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-reactivestreams-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-reactivestreams-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-reactivestreams-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.3.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8: