车载GPS轨迹数据实时回传与电子围栏告警系统实现
随着物联网技术的快速发展，车载GPS轨迹数据实时回传与电子围栏告警系统在物流、公共交通、个人出行等领域得到了广泛应用。本文将围绕这一主题，通过代码实现一个简单的车载GPS轨迹数据实时回传与电子围栏告警系统，并对其关键技术进行详细解析。
系统概述
本系统主要由以下几个模块组成：
1. 数据采集模块：负责采集车载GPS设备发送的实时位置信息。
2. 数据传输模块：负责将采集到的GPS数据实时传输到服务器。
3. 数据存储模块：负责将传输过来的GPS数据存储到数据库中。
4. 电子围栏模块：负责设置和管理电子围栏，并对车辆位置进行实时监控。
5. 告警模块：负责对车辆进入或离开电子围栏进行告警。
技术选型
1. 数据采集：使用NMEA0183协议进行GPS数据采集。
2. 数据传输：采用HTTP协议进行数据传输。
3. 数据存储：使用MySQL数据库进行数据存储。
4. 电子围栏：使用地理信息系统（GIS）技术实现电子围栏的设置和管理。
5. 告警：通过邮件、短信等方式进行告警通知。
代码实现
1. 数据采集模块
python
import serial
import time
def read_gps_data(port):
ser = serial.Serial(port, 9600, timeout=1)
while True:
line = ser.readline()
if line.startswith('$GPGGA'):
data = line.split(',')
if len(data) == 14:
return {
'time': data[1],
'latitude': data[2],
'longitude': data[4],
'speed': data[7],
'course': data[8],
'altitude': data[9]
}
time.sleep(1)
if __name__ == '__main__':
port = '/dev/ttyUSB0' 修改为实际串口
while True:
gps_data = read_gps_data(port)
print(gps_data)
time.sleep(5)
2. 数据传输模块
python
import requests
def send_gps_data(url, data):
headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json'}
response = requests.post(url, json=data, headers=headers)
return response.status_code
if __name__ == '__main__':
url = 'http://yourserver.com/gps_data' 修改为实际服务器地址
while True:
gps_data = read_gps_data('/dev/ttyUSB0') 修改为实际串口
status_code = send_gps_data(url, gps_data)
print('Status Code:', status_code)
time.sleep(5)
3. 数据存储模块
python
import pymysql
def save_gps_data(db_config, data):
connection = pymysql.connect(db_config)
try:
with connection.cursor() as cursor:
sql = "INSERT INTO gps_data (time, latitude, longitude, speed, course, altitude) VALUES (%s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s)"
cursor.execute(sql, (data['time'], data['latitude'], data['longitude'], data['speed'], data['course'], data['altitude']))
connection.commit()
finally:
connection.close()
if __name__ == '__main__':
db_config = {
'host': 'localhost',
'user': 'root',
'password': 'password',
'db': 'gps_data',
'charset': 'utf8mb4',
'cursorclass': pymysql.cursors.DictCursor
}
while True:
gps_data = read_gps_data('/dev/ttyUSB0')
save_gps_data(db_config, gps_data)
time.sleep(5)
4. 电子围栏模块
python
import geopandas as gpd
def create_fence(db_config, fence_name, coordinates):
connection = pymysql.connect(db_config)
try:
with connection.cursor() as cursor:
sql = "INSERT INTO fence (name, coordinates) VALUES (%s, %s)"
cursor.execute(sql, (fence_name, coordinates))
connection.commit()
finally:
connection.close()
def check_fence(db_config, latitude, longitude):
connection = pymysql.connect(db_config)
try:
with connection.cursor() as cursor:
sql = "SELECT name FROM fence WHERE ST_Contains(ST_SetSRID(ST_MakePoint(%s, %s), 4326), coordinates)"
cursor.execute(sql, (latitude, longitude))
result = cursor.fetchone()
return result
finally:
connection.close()
if __name__ == '__main__':
db_config = {
'host': 'localhost',
'user': 'root',
'password': 'password',
'db': 'gps_data',
'charset': 'utf8mb4',
'cursorclass': pymysql.cursors.DictCursor
}
create_fence(db_config, 'school', [(116.391275, 39.907651), (116.391275, 39.907651), (116.391275, 39.907651), (116.391275, 39.907651)])
fence_name = check_fence(db_config, 39.907651, 116.391275)
print('Fence Name:', fence_name)
5. 告警模块
python
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
def send_alert(email, subject, content):
sender = 'your_email@example.com'
receivers = [email]
message = MIMEText(content, 'plain', 'utf-8')
message['From'] = sender
message['To'] = ', '.join(receivers)
message['Subject'] = subject
try:
smtp_obj = smtplib.SMTP('localhost')
smtp_obj.sendmail(sender, receivers, message.as_string())
print('Alert sent successfully')
except smtplib.SMTPException as e:
print('Error: unable to send email', e)
if __name__ == '__main__':
email = 'receiver@example.com'
subject = 'Fence Alert'
content = 'Vehicle has entered the school fence.'
send_alert(email, subject, content)
总结
本文通过代码实现了一个简单的车载GPS轨迹数据实时回传与电子围栏告警系统。在实际应用中，可以根据需求对系统进行扩展和优化，例如增加数据可视化、多用户管理、实时监控等功能。希望本文对您有所帮助。
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