Snobol4 语言 实战 MAC 地址段格式统一实战

Snobol4^【1】 语言实战：MAC 地址^【2】段格式统一^【3】实战

MAC 地址（Media Access Control Address）是网络设备在物理层上的标识符，通常由六组两位的十六进制^【4】数组成，例如 `00:1A:2B:3C:4D:5E`。在实际应用中，MAC 地址的格式可能因为不同的原因而变得不一致，如手动输入错误、复制粘贴错误等。为了提高数据的一致性和准确性，我们需要对 MAC 地址段进行格式统一。本文将使用 Snobol4 语言来实现这一功能。

Snobol4 简介

Snobol4 是一种高级编程语言，由 Stephen C. Johnson 在 1962 年设计。它是一种字符串处理^【5】语言，特别适合于文本处理和模式匹配^【6】。Snobol4 的语法简洁，易于理解，但它的功能相对有限，主要应用于文本处理领域。

实战目标

本实战的目标是使用 Snobol4 语言编写一个程序，该程序能够接收一个或多个 MAC 地址，并将它们统一格式为 `XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX` 的形式。

实现步骤

1. 环境准备

确保你的计算机上安装了 Snobol4 编译器^【7】。由于 Snobol4 已经很少被使用，你可能需要从第三方源获取编译器。

2. 编写 Snobol4 程序

以下是一个简单的 Snobol4 程序，用于统一 MAC 地址格式：

snobol
:macs
' ' ! 初始化一个空字符串用于存储格式化后的 MAC 地址
' ' ! 初始化一个计数器，用于记录当前处理的字符位置
' ' ! 初始化一个标志，用于判断是否需要添加冒号
' ' ! 初始化一个临时字符串，用于存储当前处理的 MAC 地址部分

DO
GET ! ! 读取下一个字符
|'0'-'9'|'A'-'F'|'a'-'f' ! 检查字符是否为十六进制数字
IF NOT THEN
PUT ! ! 输出当前字符
CONTINUE
END
! 将字符转换为小写
IF >'9' THEN
PUT [CHAR + 32]
END
! 检查是否需要添加冒号
IF THEN
PUT ':'
PUT ' '
END
! 将字符添加到临时字符串
PUT [CHAR + 0]
! 更新计数器和标志
PUT [CHAR + 1]
PUT [CHAR + 1]
UNTIL NOT
PUT '' ! 输出换行符
END


3. 运行程序

将上述代码保存为 `.snobol` 文件，并使用 Snobol4 编译器进行编译。然后，运行编译后的程序，并输入一些不规则的 MAC 地址进行测试。

测试与验证

以下是一些测试用例和预期输出：

```
$ ./macs
00:1A:2B:3C:4D:5E
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