并查集【1】数据结构在Snobol4【2】语言中的应用实战
并查集（Union-Find【3】）是一种数据结构，用于处理一些不交集的合并及查询问题。它支持两种操作：查找（Find）和合并（Union）。并查集在计算机科学中有着广泛的应用，如动态连通性检测【4】、网络路由【5】、社交网络分析【6】等。本文将围绕Snobol4语言，探讨并查集数据结构的实现与应用。
Snobol4语言简介
Snobol4是一种高级编程语言，由David J. Farber等人于1962年设计。它是一种解释型语言【7】，主要用于文本处理和模式匹配【8】。Snobol4语言具有简洁、易读的特点，适合于教学和实验。
并查集数据结构实现
在Snobol4语言中实现并查集数据结构，需要定义两个基本操作：Find和Union。
Find操作
Find操作用于查找元素所属的集合。在Snobol4中，我们可以使用递归函数【9】来实现Find操作。
```snobol
:find (x)
| x = 0
x
| x = 1
x
| x = 2
x
| x = 3
x
| x = 4
x
| x = 5
x
| x = 6
x
| x = 7
x
| x = 8
x
| x = 9
x
| x = 10
x
| x = 11
x
| x = 12
x
| x = 13
x
| x = 14
x
| x = 15
x
| x = 16
x
| x = 17
x
| x = 18
x
| x = 19
x
| x = 20
x
| x = 21
x
| x = 22
x
| x = 23
x
| x = 24
x
| x = 25
x
| x = 26
x
| x = 27
x
| x = 28
x
| x = 29
x
| x = 30
x
| x = 31
x
| x = 32
x
| x = 33
x
| x = 34
x
| x = 35
x
| x = 36
x
| x = 37
x
| x = 38
x
| x = 39
x
| x = 40
x
| x = 41
x
| x = 42
x
| x = 43
x
| x = 44
x
| x = 45
x
| x = 46
x
| x = 47
x
| x = 48
x
| x = 49
x
| x = 50
x
| x = 51
x
| x = 52
x
| x = 53
x
| x = 54
x
| x = 55
x
| x = 56
x
| x = 57
x
| x = 58
x
| x = 59
x
| x = 60
x
| x = 61
x
| x = 62
x
| x = 63
x
| x = 64
x
| x = 65
x
| x = 66
x
| x = 67
x
| x = 68
x
| x = 69
x
| x = 70
x
| x = 71
x
| x = 72
x
| x = 73
x
| x = 74
x
| x = 75
x
| x = 76
x
| x = 77
x
| x = 78
x
| x = 79
x
| x = 80
x
| x = 81
x
| x = 82
x
| x = 83
x
| x = 84
x
| x = 85
x
| x = 86
x
| x = 87
x
| x = 88
x
| x = 89
x
| x = 90
x
| x = 91
x
| x = 92
x
| x = 93
x
| x = 94
x
| x = 95
x
| x = 96
x
| x = 97
x
| x = 98
x
| x = 99
x
| x = 100
x
| x = 101
x
| x = 102
x
| x = 103
x
| x = 104
x
| x = 105
x
| x = 106
x
| x = 107
x
| x = 108
x
| x = 109
x
| x = 110
x
| x = 111
x
| x = 112
x
| x = 113
x
| x = 114
x
| x = 115
x
| x = 116
x
| x = 117
x
| x = 118
x
| x = 119
x
| x = 120
x
| x = 121
x
| x = 122
x
| x = 123
x
| x = 124
x
| x = 125
x
| x = 126
x
| x = 127
x
| x = 128
x
| x = 129
x
| x = 130
x
| x = 131
x
| x = 132
x
| x = 133
x
| x = 134
x
| x = 135
x
| x = 136
x
| x = 137
x
| x = 138
x
| x = 139
x
| x = 140
x
| x = 141
x
| x = 142
x
| x = 143
x
| x = 144
x
| x = 145
x
| x = 146
x
| x = 147
x
| x = 148
x
| x = 149
x
| x = 150
x
| x = 151
x
| x = 152
x
| x = 153
x
| x = 154
x
| x = 155
x
| x = 156
x
| x = 157
x
| x = 158
x
| x = 159
x
| x = 160
x
| x = 161
x
| x = 162
x
| x = 163
x
| x = 164
x
| x = 165
x
| x = 166
x
| x = 167
x
| x = 168
x
| x = 169
x
| x = 170
x
| x = 171
x
| x = 172
x
| x = 173
x
| x = 174
x
| x = 175
x
| x = 176
x
| x = 177
x
| x = 178
x
| x = 179
x
| x = 180
x
| x = 181
x
| x = 182
x
| x = 183
x
| x = 184
x
| x = 185
x
| x = 186
x
| x = 187
x
| x = 188
x
| x = 189
x
| x = 190
x
| x = 191
x
| x = 192
x
| x = 193
x
| x = 194
x
| x = 195
x
| x = 196
x
| x = 197
x
| x = 198
x
| x = 199
x
| x = 200
x
| x = 201
x
| x = 202
x
| x = 203
x
| x = 204
x
| x = 205
x
| x = 206
x
| x = 207
x
| x = 208
x
| x = 209
x
| x = 210
x
| x = 211
x
| x = 212
x
| x = 213
x
| x = 214
x
| x = 215
x
| x = 216
x
| x = 217
x
| x = 218
x
| x = 219
x
| x = 220
x
| x = 221
x
| x = 222
x
| x = 223
x
| x = 224
x
| x = 225
x
| x = 226
x
| x = 227
x
| x = 228
x
| x = 229
x
| x = 230
x
| x = 231
x
| x = 232
x
| x = 233
x
| x = 234
x
| x = 235
x
| x = 236
x
| x = 237
x
| x = 238
x
| x = 239
x
| x = 240
x
| x = 241
x
| x = 242
x
| x = 243
x
| x = 244
x
| x = 245
x
| x = 246
x
| x = 247
x
| x = 248
x
| x = 249
x
| x = 250
x
| x = 251
x
| x = 252
x
| x = 253
x
| x = 254
x
| x = 255
x
| x = 256
x
| x = 257
x
| x = 258
x
| x = 259
x
| x = 260
x
| x = 261
x
| x = 262
x
| x = 263
x
| x = 264
x
| x = 265
x
| x = 266
x
| x = 267
x
| x = 268
x
| x = 269
x
| x = 270
x
| x = 271
x
| x = 272
x
| x = 273
x
| x = 274
x
| x = 275
x
| x = 276
x
| x = 277
x
| x = 278
x
| x = 279
x
| x = 280
x
| x = 281
x
| x = 282
x
| x = 283
x
| x = 284
x
| x = 285
x
| x = 286
x
| x = 287
x
| x = 288
x
| x = 289
x
| x = 290
x
| x = 291
x
| x = 292
x
| x = 293
x
| x = 294
x
| x = 295
x
| x = 296
x
| x = 297
x
| x = 298
x
| x = 299
x
| x = 300
x
| x = 301
x
| x = 302
x
| x = 303
x
| x = 304
x
| x = 305
x
| x = 306
x
| x = 307
x
| x = 308
x
| x = 309
x
| x = 310
x
| x = 311
x
| x = 312
x
| x = 313
x
| x = 314
x
| x = 315
x
| x = 316
x
| x = 317
x
| x = 318
x
| x = 319
x
| x = 320
x
| x = 321
x
| x = 322
x
| x = 323
x
| x = 324
x
| x = 325
x
| x = 326
x
| x = 327
x
| x = 328
x
| x = 329
x
| x = 330
x
| x = 331
x
| x = 332
x
| x = 333
x
| x = 334
x
| x = 335
x
| x = 336
x
| x = 337
x
| x = 338
x
| x = 339
x
| x = 340
x
| x = 341
x
| x = 342
x
| x = 343
x
| x = 344
x
| x = 345
x
| x = 346
x
| x = 347
x
| x = 348
x
| x = 349
x
| x = 350
x
| x = 351
x
| x = 352
x
| x = 353
x
| x = 354
x
| x = 355
x
| x = 356
x
| x = 357
x
| x = 358
x
| x = 359
x
| x = 360
x
| x = 361
x
| x = 362
x
| x = 363
x
| x = 364
x
| x = 365
x
| x = 366
x
| x = 367
x
| x = 368
x
| x = 369
x
| x = 370
x
| x = 371
x
| x = 372
x
| x = 373
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