PureScript 语言实现在线投票系统多选项统计 + 防刷票机制

在线投票系统实现：多选项统计与防刷票机制（PureScript）

在线投票系统是一种常见的网络应用，它允许用户对多个选项进行投票，并实时统计投票结果。在实现这样的系统时，我们需要考虑两个关键点：多选项统计和防刷票机制。本文将使用PureScript语言，结合Web技术，实现一个简单的在线投票系统。

PureScript简介

PureScript是一种函数式编程语言，它基于Haskell，旨在为JavaScript提供一种更简洁、更安全的编程方式。PureScript编译成JavaScript，可以在浏览器中运行，因此非常适合Web开发。

技术栈

- PureScript: 编程语言
- React: 用于构建用户界面的库
- Node.js: 用于服务器端逻辑
- Express: 用于创建Web服务器
- MongoDB: 用于存储投票数据

系统设计

1. 多选项统计

为了实现多选项统计，我们需要设计一个投票模型，该模型能够存储每个选项的投票数量。以下是一个简单的投票模型：

purs module Model.Vote where


import Data.Generic.Rep (class Generic)

import Data.Generic.Rep.Show (genericShow)

import Data.Newtype (class Newtype)

import Data.Show.Generic (genericShow)
-- 投票选项类型

data Option = Option

  { id :: Int

  , name :: String

  }
derive instance Generic Option _

derive instance Newtype Option _
instance Show Option where

  show = genericShow
-- 投票模型

data Vote = Vote

  { id :: Int

  , optionId :: Int

  , userId :: Int

  }
derive instance Generic Vote _

derive instance Newtype Vote _

instance Show Vote where show = genericShow

2. 防刷票机制

为了防止用户刷票，我们需要实现一个用户验证机制。以下是一个简单的用户验证模型：

purs module Model.User where


import Data.Generic.Rep (class Generic)

import Data.Generic.Rep.Show (genericShow)

import Data.Newtype (class Newtype)

import Data.Show.Generic (genericShow)
-- 用户类型

data User = User

  { id :: Int

  , username :: String

  , password :: String

  }
derive instance Generic User _

derive instance Newtype User _

instance Show User where show = genericShow

我们可以使用JWT（JSON Web Tokens）来实现用户验证。用户在登录时，服务器会生成一个JWT，并将其发送给客户端。客户端在每次投票时，都需要携带这个JWT作为验证。

实现步骤

1. 创建React前端

使用Create React App创建一个新的React项目，并安装必要的PureScript依赖。

bash npx create-react-app voting-system cd voting-system npm install purescript-react purescript-react-dom purescript-quickjs

在`src`目录下创建一个名为`VotingApp.purs`的文件，并编写React组件：

```purs
module VotingApp where

import React
( ReactElement
, useState
, useEffect
, Fragment
)
import React.DOM
( div
, button
, text
, ul
, li
, form
, input
, label
, span
)
import React.SWC
( style
)
import Data.Array
( map
, foldl
)
import Model.Vote
( Option
, Vote
)
import Model.User
( User
)
import Effect
( Effect
)
import Effect.Aff
( Aff
)
import Effect.Class
( liftEffect
)
import Effect.Class.Console
( log
)
import Effect.Uncurried
( Eff
)
import Node.HTTP
( Server
, listen
, runServer
, request
, response
, ServerRequest
, Response
, Headers
, Status
, method
, url
, header
, status
, contentType
, contentLength
, body
, writeResponse
)
import Node.Encoding
( UTF8
)
import Node.Process
( argv
)
import Node.FS
( readTextFile
)
import Node.FS同步
( readFileSync
)
import Node.JSON
( parse
)
import Node.JS
( NodeJS.Process
)
import Node.JS.Process
( argv
)
import Node.JS.Global
( process
)
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( process
)
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)
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