PL/I 语言 实战练习题集与答案解析

PL/I阿木 发布于 3 天前 4 次阅读


阿木博主一句话概括:PL/I 语言实战练习题集与答案解析——代码编辑模型探讨

阿木博主为你简单介绍:
PL/I(Programming Language One)是一种高级程序设计语言,它结合了多种编程语言的特性,旨在提高编程效率和程序的可移植性。本文将围绕PL/I语言的实战练习题集与答案解析,探讨代码编辑模型的相关技术,旨在帮助读者更好地理解和掌握PL/I语言。

一、

PL/I语言作为一种历史悠久的高级编程语言,在金融、保险、电信等领域有着广泛的应用。为了提高PL/I语言的学习效果,编写一套实战练习题集并进行详细的答案解析是非常必要的。本文将结合代码编辑模型,探讨如何有效地进行PL/I语言的实战练习与解析。

二、PL/I语言实战练习题集

1. 基础语法练习
(1)编写一个PL/I程序,实现两个整数的加法运算。
(2)编写一个PL/I程序,实现字符串的复制功能。

2. 控制结构练习
(1)编写一个PL/I程序,根据用户输入的年龄判断是否成年。
(2)编写一个PL/I程序,使用循环结构计算1到100的累加和。

3. 函数与过程练习
(1)编写一个PL/I函数,计算两个整数的最大公约数。
(2)编写一个PL/I过程,实现冒泡排序算法。

4. 文件操作练习
(1)编写一个PL/I程序,实现从文件中读取数据并计算平均值。
(2)编写一个PL/I程序,实现将数据写入文件。

5. 数据结构练习
(1)编写一个PL/I程序,实现链表的创建、插入和删除操作。
(2)编写一个PL/I程序,实现栈和队列的基本操作。

三、代码编辑模型探讨

1. 代码编辑器选择

在进行PL/I语言实战练习时,选择一款合适的代码编辑器至关重要。以下是一些常用的代码编辑器:

(1)IBM PL/I for z/OS:官方提供的PL/I代码编辑器,支持PL/I语言的所有特性。
(2)Visual Studio Code:一款开源的代码编辑器,通过安装PL/I插件支持PL/I语言。
(3)Eclipse:一款功能强大的集成开发环境,通过安装PL/I插件支持PL/I语言。

2. 代码编辑模型

在代码编辑模型方面,以下是一些关键技术:

(1)语法高亮:通过识别PL/I语言的语法规则,对代码进行高亮显示,提高代码的可读性。
(2)代码补全:根据上下文自动提示可能的代码片段,提高编程效率。
(3)代码格式化:自动调整代码缩进、空格等,使代码更加整洁。
(4)调试功能:提供断点设置、单步执行、查看变量值等功能,方便调试程序。

四、实战练习题答案解析

1. 基础语法练习
(1)加法运算程序:
pl/i
IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
PROGRAM-ID. ADDITION.
DATA DIVISION.
WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
01 WS-NUMBER1 PIC 9(5).
01 WS-NUMBER2 PIC 9(5).
01 WS-SUM PIC 9(10).
PROCEDURE DIVISION.
ACCEPT WS-NUMBER1.
ACCEPT WS-NUMBER2.
COMPUTE WS-SUM = WS-NUMBER1 + WS-NUMBER2.
DISPLAY "The sum is: " WS-SUM.
END PROGRAM ADDITION.

(2)字符串复制程序:
pl/i
IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
PROGRAM-ID. STRING-COPY.
DATA DIVISION.
WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
01 WS-STRING1 PIC X(20).
01 WS-STRING2 PIC X(20).
PROCEDURE DIVISION.
ACCEPT WS-STRING1.
MOVE WS-STRING1 TO WS-STRING2.
DISPLAY "Copied string: " WS-STRING2.
END PROGRAM STRING-COPY.

2. 控制结构练习
(1)年龄判断程序:
pl/i
IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
PROGRAM-ID. AGE-JUDGE.
DATA DIVISION.
WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
01 WS-AGE PIC 9(2).
PROCEDURE DIVISION.
ACCEPT WS-AGE.
IF WS-AGE >= 18 THEN
DISPLAY "You are an adult."
ELSE
DISPLAY "You are not an adult."
END-IF.
END PROGRAM AGE-JUDGE.

(2)累加和程序:
pl/i
IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
PROGRAM-ID. SUM-LOOP.
DATA DIVISION.
WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
01 WS-I PIC 9(2).
01 WS-SUM PIC 9(5).
PROCEDURE DIVISION.
PERFORM VARYING WS-I FROM 1 BY 1 UNTIL WS-I > 100
ADD WS-I TO WS-SUM
END-PERFORM.
DISPLAY "The sum is: " WS-SUM.
END PROGRAM SUM-LOOP.

3. 函数与过程练习
(1)最大公约数函数:
pl/i
IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
PROGRAM-ID. GCD-FUNCTION.
FUNCTION GCD RETURNING INTEGER.
DECLARE WS-A PIC 9(5).
DECLARE WS-B PIC 9(5).
DECLARE WS-GCD PIC 9(5).
DATA DIVISION.
WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
PROCEDURE DIVISION.
ACCEPT WS-A.
ACCEPT WS-B.
IF WS-B = 0 THEN
WS-GCD = WS-A
ELSE
WS-GCD = GCD(WS-B, MOD(WS-A, WS-B))
END-IF.
RETURN WS-GCD.
END FUNCTION GCD.

(2)冒泡排序过程:
pl/i
IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
PROGRAM-ID. BUBBLE-SORT.
PROCEDURE DIVISION.
DECLARE WS-NUMBER1 PIC 9(5).
DECLARE WS-NUMBER2 PIC 9(5).
DECLARE WS-TEMP PIC 9(5).
DECLARE WS-I PIC 9(2).
DECLARE WS-J PIC 9(2).
DECLARE WS-SIZE PIC 9(2).
DATA DIVISION.
WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
PROCEDURE DIVISION.
ACCEPT WS-SIZE.
PERFORM VARYING WS-I FROM 1 BY 1 UNTIL WS-I > WS-SIZE
PERFORM VARYING WS-J FROM WS-SIZE BY -1 UNTIL WS-J WS-NUMBER(WS-J + 1) THEN
MOVE WS-NUMBER(WS-J) TO WS-TEMP
MOVE WS-NUMBER(WS-J + 1) TO WS-NUMBER(WS-J)
MOVE WS-TEMP TO WS-NUMBER(WS-J + 1)
END-IF
END-PERFORM
END-PERFORM.
END PROCEDURE BUBBLE-SORT.

4. 文件操作练习
(1)读取数据并计算平均值程序:
pl/i
IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
PROGRAM-ID. FILE-READ.
DATA DIVISION.
WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
01 WS-FILE-NAME PIC X(20).
01 WS-FILE-RECORD PIC X(50).
01 WS-NUMBER PIC 9(5).
01 WS-SUM PIC 9(10).
01 WS-COUNT PIC 9(5).
PROCEDURE DIVISION.
OPEN INPUT WS-FILE-NAME.
READ WS-FILE-NAME INTO WS-FILE-RECORD.
PERFORM UNTIL WS-FILE-RECORD = "END"
UNSTRING WS-FILE-RECORD DELIMITED BY "," INTO WS-NUMBER
ADD WS-NUMBER TO WS-SUM
ADD 1 TO WS-COUNT
READ WS-FILE-NAME INTO WS-FILE-RECORD
END-PERFORM.
CLOSE WS-FILE-NAME.
COMPUTE WS-AVERAGE = WS-SUM / WS-COUNT.
DISPLAY "The average is: " WS-AVERAGE.
END PROGRAM FILE-READ.

(2)写入数据程序:
pl/i
IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
PROGRAM-ID. FILE-WRITE.
DATA DIVISION.
WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
01 WS-FILE-NAME PIC X(20).
01 WS-FILE-RECORD PIC X(50).
01 WS-NUMBER PIC 9(5).
PROCEDURE DIVISION.
OPEN OUTPUT WS-FILE-NAME.
PERFORM VARYING WS-NUMBER FROM 1 BY 1 UNTIL WS-NUMBER > 10
STRING "Number: " WS-NUMBER DELIMITED BY SIZE INTO WS-FILE-RECORD
WRITE WS-FILE-RECORD
END-PERFORM.
CLOSE WS-FILE-NAME.
END PROGRAM FILE-WRITE.

5. 数据结构练习
(1)链表操作程序:
pl/i
IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
PROGRAM-ID. LINKED-LIST.
DATA DIVISION.
WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
01 WS-HEAD PIC X(20).
01 WS-NEXT PIC X(20).
01 WS-VALUE PIC 9(5).
PROCEDURE DIVISION.
PERFORM VARYING WS-VALUE FROM 1 BY 1 UNTIL WS-VALUE > 5
STRING "Node " WS-VALUE DELIMITED BY SIZE INTO WS-HEAD
STRING "Next: " WS-NEXT DELIMITED BY SIZE INTO WS-NEXT
-- Add code to create linked list
END-PERFORM.
-- Add code to insert, delete, and display linked list
END PROGRAM LINKED-LIST.

(2)栈和队列操作程序:
pl/i
IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
PROGRAM-ID. STACK-QUEUE.
DATA DIVISION.
WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
01 WS-STACK PIC X(20).
01 WS-QUEUE PIC X(20).
01 WS-VALUE PIC 9(5).
PROCEDURE DIVISION.
PERFORM VARYING WS-VALUE FROM 1 BY 1 UNTIL WS-VALUE > 5
STRING "Element " WS-VALUE DELIMITED BY SIZE INTO WS-STACK
STRING "Element " WS-VALUE DELIMITED BY SIZE INTO WS-QUEUE
-- Add code to implement stack and queue operations
END-PERFORM.
END PROGRAM STACK-QUEUE.

五、总结

本文围绕PL/I语言的实战练习题集与答案解析,探讨了代码编辑模型的相关技术。通过选择合适的代码编辑器、掌握代码编辑模型的关键技术,可以有效地进行PL/I语言的实战练习与解析。希望本文能为读者在PL/I语言学习过程中提供一定的帮助。