COBOL 语言 培训管理系统开发

COBOL阿木 发布于 2 天前 1 次阅读

COBOL 语言在培训管理系统开发中的应用

COBOL（Common Business-Oriented Language）是一种历史悠久的高级程序设计语言，自1959年诞生以来，一直被广泛应用于商业、金融、政府等领域。尽管在互联网和移动应用盛行的今天，COBOL 的使用似乎已经不再那么流行，但它在企业级系统中仍然扮演着重要角色。本文将探讨如何使用 COBOL 语言开发一个培训管理系统，并分析其在现代企业中的应用。

COBOL 语言的特点

COBOL 语言具有以下特点：

1. 面向业务处理：COBOL 语言的设计初衷是为了处理商业和行政事务，因此它非常适合用于开发培训管理系统。
2. 易于理解：COBOL 语言的语法结构简单，易于学习和使用。
3. 跨平台性：COBOL 程序可以在多种操作系统和硬件平台上运行。
4. 可维护性：COBOL 代码的可读性和可维护性较好，便于长期维护。

培训管理系统概述

培训管理系统是一个用于管理培训课程、学员信息、培训记录等数据的系统。以下是一个简单的培训管理系统功能列表：

1. 用户管理：包括用户注册、登录、权限管理等。
2. 课程管理：包括课程添加、修改、删除、查询等。
3. 学员管理：包括学员注册、信息修改、课程报名、成绩查询等。
4. 培训记录：包括培训课程记录、学员成绩记录等。
5. 报表生成：生成培训统计报表、学员成绩报表等。

COBOL 语言在培训管理系统开发中的应用

1. 用户管理模块

以下是一个简单的 COBOL 程序示例，用于处理用户注册功能：

cobol
IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
PROGRAM-ID. USER-REGISTRATION.

ENVIRONMENT DIVISION.
INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION.
FILE-CONTROL.
SELECT USER-FILE ASSIGN TO "USER.DAT".

DATA DIVISION.
FILE SECTION.
FD USER-FILE.
01 USER-RECORD.
05 USER-ID PIC X(10).
05 USER-PASSWORD PIC X(20).
05 USER-NAME PIC X(50).

WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
01 WS-USER-ID PIC X(10).
01 WS-USER-PASSWORD PIC X(20).
01 WS-USER-NAME PIC X(50).
01 WS-FILE-STATUS PIC X(50).

PROCEDURE DIVISION.
PERFORM INITIALIZE-USER.
PERFORM READ-USER-FILE.
PERFORM WRITE-USER-FILE.
STOP RUN.

INITIALIZE-USER.
ACCEPT WS-USER-ID FROM TERMINAL.
ACCEPT WS-USER-PASSWORD FROM TERMINAL.
ACCEPT WS-USER-NAME FROM TERMINAL.

READ-USER-FILE.
OPEN INPUT USER-FILE.
READ USER-FILE INTO USER-RECORD AT END CLOSE USER-FILE.

WRITE-USER-FILE.
OPEN I-O USER-FILE.
WRITE USER-RECORD FROM USER-RECORD.
CLOSE USER-FILE.

2. 课程管理模块

课程管理模块可以使用 COBOL 语言进行数据操作，例如添加、修改、删除课程信息。以下是一个简单的 COBOL 程序示例，用于处理课程添加功能：

cobol
IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
PROGRAM-ID. COURSE-ADD.

ENVIRONMENT DIVISION.
INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION.
FILE-CONTROL.
SELECT COURSE-FILE ASSIGN TO "COURSE.DAT".

DATA DIVISION.
FILE SECTION.
FD COURSE-FILE.
01 COURSE-RECORD.
05 COURSE-ID PIC X(10).
05 COURSE-NAME PIC X(50).
05 COURSE-DESCRIPTION PIC X(100).

WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
01 WS-COURSE-ID PIC X(10).
01 WS-COURSE-NAME PIC X(50).
01 WS-COURSE-DESCRIPTION PIC X(100).
01 WS-FILE-STATUS PIC X(50).

PROCEDURE DIVISION.
PERFORM INITIALIZE-COURSE.
PERFORM READ-COURSE-FILE.
PERFORM WRITE-COURSE-FILE.
STOP RUN.

INITIALIZE-COURSE.
ACCEPT WS-COURSE-ID FROM TERMINAL.
ACCEPT WS-COURSE-NAME FROM TERMINAL.
ACCEPT WS-COURSE-DESCRIPTION FROM TERMINAL.

READ-COURSE-FILE.
OPEN INPUT COURSE-FILE.
READ COURSE-FILE INTO COURSE-RECORD AT END CLOSE COURSE-FILE.

WRITE-COURSE-FILE.
OPEN I-O COURSE-FILE.
WRITE COURSE-RECORD FROM COURSE-RECORD.
CLOSE COURSE-FILE.

3. 学员管理模块

学员管理模块可以处理学员注册、信息修改、课程报名等功能。以下是一个简单的 COBOL 程序示例，用于处理学员注册功能：

cobol
IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
PROGRAM-ID. STUDENT-REGISTRATION.

ENVIRONMENT DIVISION.
INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION.
FILE-CONTROL.
SELECT STUDENT-FILE ASSIGN TO "STUDENT.DAT".

DATA DIVISION.
FILE SECTION.
FD STUDENT-FILE.
01 STUDENT-RECORD.
05 STUDENT-ID PIC X(10).
05 STUDENT-NAME PIC X(50).
05 STUDENT-AGE PIC 9(2).
05 STUDENT-EMAIL PIC X(50).

WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
01 WS-STUDENT-ID PIC X(10).
01 WS-STUDENT-NAME PIC X(50).
01 WS-STUDENT-AGE PIC 9(2).
01 WS-STUDENT-EMAIL PIC X(50).
01 WS-FILE-STATUS PIC X(50).

PROCEDURE DIVISION.
PERFORM INITIALIZE-STUDENT.
PERFORM READ-STUDENT-FILE.
PERFORM WRITE-STUDENT-FILE.
STOP RUN.

INITIALIZE-STUDENT.
ACCEPT WS-STUDENT-ID FROM TERMINAL.
ACCEPT WS-STUDENT-NAME FROM TERMINAL.
ACCEPT WS-STUDENT-AGE FROM TERMINAL.
ACCEPT WS-STUDENT-EMAIL FROM TERMINAL.

READ-STUDENT-FILE.
OPEN INPUT STUDENT-FILE.
READ STUDENT-FILE INTO STUDENT-RECORD AT END CLOSE STUDENT-FILE.

WRITE-STUDENT-FILE.
OPEN I-O STUDENT-FILE.
WRITE STUDENT-RECORD FROM STUDENT-RECORD.
CLOSE STUDENT-FILE.

4. 培训记录模块

培训记录模块可以记录学员参加的培训课程和成绩。以下是一个简单的 COBOL 程序示例，用于处理培训记录功能：

cobol
IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
PROGRAM-ID. TRAINING-RECORD.

ENVIRONMENT DIVISION.
INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION.
FILE-CONTROL.
SELECT TRAINING-FILE ASSIGN TO "TRAINING.DAT".

DATA DIVISION.
FILE SECTION.
FD TRAINING-FILE.
01 TRAINING-RECORD.
05 STUDENT-ID PIC X(10).
05 COURSE-ID PIC X(10).
05 TRAINING-DATE PIC X(10).
05 TRAINING-SCORE PIC 9(3).

WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
01 WS-STUDENT-ID PIC X(10).
01 WS-COURSE-ID PIC X(10).
01 WS-TRAINING-DATE PIC X(10).
01 WS-TRAINING-SCORE PIC 9(3).
01 WS-FILE-STATUS PIC X(50).

PROCEDURE DIVISION.
PERFORM INITIALIZE-TRAINING.
PERFORM READ-TRAINING-FILE.
PERFORM WRITE-TRAINING-FILE.
STOP RUN.

INITIALIZE-TRAINING.
ACCEPT WS-STUDENT-ID FROM TERMINAL.
ACCEPT WS-COURSE-ID FROM TERMINAL.
ACCEPT WS-TRAINING-DATE FROM TERMINAL.
ACCEPT WS-TRAINING-SCORE FROM TERMINAL.

READ-TRAINING-FILE.
OPEN INPUT TRAINING-FILE.
READ TRAINING-FILE INTO TRAINING-RECORD AT END CLOSE TRAINING-FILE.

WRITE-TRAINING-FILE.
OPEN I-O TRAINING-FILE.
WRITE TRAINING-RECORD FROM TRAINING-RECORD.
CLOSE TRAINING-FILE.

5. 报表生成模块

报表生成模块可以根据需要生成各种统计报表。以下是一个简单的 COBOL 程序示例，用于生成学员成绩报表：

cobol
IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
PROGRAM-ID. STUDENT-SCORE-REPORT.

ENVIRONMENT DIVISION.
INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION.
FILE-CONTROL.
SELECT STUDENT-FILE ASSIGN TO "STUDENT.DAT".
SELECT TRAINING-FILE ASSIGN TO "TRAINING.DAT".
SELECT REPORT-FILE ASSIGN TO "REPORT.DAT".

DATA DIVISION.
FILE SECTION.
FD STUDENT-FILE.
01 STUDENT-RECORD.
05 STUDENT-ID PIC X(10).
05 STUDENT-NAME PIC X(50).
05 STUDENT-AGE PIC 9(2).
05 STUDENT-EMAIL PIC X(50).

FD TRAINING-FILE.
01 TRAINING-RECORD.
05 STUDENT-ID PIC X(10).
05 COURSE-ID PIC X(10).
05 TRAINING-DATE PIC X(10).
05 TRAINING-SCORE PIC 9(3).

FD REPORT-FILE.
01 REPORT-RECORD.
05 STUDENT-NAME PIC X(50).
05 COURSE-ID PIC X(10).
05 TRAINING-SCORE PIC 9(3).

WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
01 WS-STUDENT-ID PIC X(10).
01 WS-COURSE-ID PIC X(10).
01 WS-TRAINING-SCORE PIC 9(3).
01 WS-FILE-STATUS PIC X(50).

PROCEDURE DIVISION.
PERFORM INITIALIZE-REPORT.
PERFORM READ-FILES.
PERFORM GENERATE-REPORT.
STOP RUN.

INITIALIZE-REPORT.
OPEN OUTPUT REPORT-FILE.

READ-FILES.
OPEN INPUT STUDENT-FILE.
OPEN INPUT TRAINING-FILE.

GENERATE-REPORT.
READ STUDENT-FILE INTO STUDENT-RECORD.
READ TRAINING-FILE INTO TRAINING-RECORD.
IF STUDENT-RECORD.STUDENT-ID = TRAINING-RECORD.STUDENT-ID
WRITE REPORT-RECORD FROM STUDENT-RECORD
WRITE REPORT-RECORD FROM TRAINING-RECORD
END-IF.

PERFORM UNTIL STUDENT-RECORD AT END
READ STUDENT-FILE INTO STUDENT-RECORD
END-PERFORM.

PERFORM UNTIL TRAINING-RECORD AT END
READ TRAINING-FILE INTO TRAINING-RECORD
END-PERFORM.

CLOSE STUDENT-FILE.
CLOSE TRAINING-FILE.
CLOSE REPORT-FILE.

结论

COBOL 语言在培训管理系统开发中具有许多优势，如易于理解、跨平台性、可维护性等。通过以上示例，我们可以看到 COBOL 语言在处理用户管理、课程管理、学员管理、培训记录和报表生成等模块中的应用。尽管现代开发中更多使用的是 Java、Python 等语言，但 COBOL 仍然在企业级系统中发挥着重要作用。了解 COBOL 语言及其在培训管理系统中的应用，有助于我们更好地理解企业级系统的开发和维护。