Smalltalk 语言 集合迭代器实战 遍历树状数据结构

Smalltalk^【1】 语言集合迭代器^【2】实战：遍历树状数据结构^【3】

Smalltalk 是一种面向对象的编程语言，以其简洁的语法和强大的元编程^【4】能力而闻名。在 Smalltalk 中，集合迭代器是一个重要的概念，它允许开发者以声明式的方式遍历集合中的元素。本文将围绕 Smalltalk 语言中的集合迭代器，通过实战案例来展示如何遍历树状数据结构。

树状数据结构概述

在计算机科学中，树状数据结构是一种重要的数据组织方式，它由节点^【5】组成，每个节点包含一个数据元素和若干指向子节点^【6】的指针^【7】。树状数据结构广泛应用于各种场景，如文件系统、组织结构、决策树^【8】等。

在 Smalltalk 中，我们可以使用类来定义树节点，每个节点包含数据和一个指向父节点^【9】的引用以及一个指向子节点列表的引用。

```smalltalk
| Node<sup>【10】</sup> |
Node := Class<sup>【11】</sup> [
^ super<sup>【12】</sup> new: 'Node'
| children<sup>【13】</sup>: Collection<sup>【14】</sup> |
children := Collection new.
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