Xojo 语言 集合类 List Map Set 基础操作

Xojoamuwap 发布于 2 天前 2 次阅读

Xojo 集合类基础操作指南

Xojo 是一种多平台编程语言，它允许开发者使用相同的代码在 Windows、macOS、Linux、iOS 和 web 上创建应用程序。在 Xojo 中，集合类（如 List、Map 和 Set）是处理复杂数据结构的重要工具。本文将深入探讨 Xojo 集合类的基础操作，包括创建、添加、删除、查找和遍历等。

Xojo 集合类概述

在 Xojo 中，集合类是用于存储和操作数据的容器。以下是 Xojo 中常用的集合类：

- List：类似于数组，可以存储任意类型的对象。
- Map：类似于字典，使用键值对来存储数据。
- Set：类似于集合，存储唯一元素。

List 基础操作

创建 List

xojo
Dim myList As New List

添加元素

xojo
myList.Add("Apple")
myList.Add("Banana")
myList.Add("Cherry")

删除元素

xojo
myList.Remove("Banana")

查找元素

xojo
Dim index As Integer = myList.IndexOf("Cherry")

遍历 List

xojo
For Each item As String In myList
Debug.Print(item)
Next

Map 基础操作

创建 Map

xojo
Dim myMap As New Map

添加键值对

xojo
myMap.Add("Fruit", "Apple")
myMap.Add("Vegetable", "Carrot")

删除键值对

xojo
myMap.Remove("Vegetable")

查找键值对

xojo
Dim fruit As String = myMap.Value("Fruit")

遍历 Map

xojo
For Each key As String, value As String In myMap
Debug.Print(key + ": " + value)
Next

Set 基础操作

创建 Set

xojo
Dim mySet As New Set

添加元素

xojo
mySet.Add("Apple")
mySet.Add("Banana")
mySet.Add("Apple") ' Set 会自动忽略重复元素

删除元素

xojo
mySet.Remove("Banana")

查找元素

xojo
Dim containsBanana As Boolean = mySet.Contains("Banana")

遍历 Set

xojo
For Each item As String In mySet
Debug.Print(item)
Next

高级操作

List 和 Map 的交集和并集

xojo
Dim list1 As New List
list1.Add("Apple")
list1.Add("Banana")

Dim list2 As New List
list2.Add("Banana")
list2.Add("Cherry")

Dim intersection As New List
intersection.AddRange(list1.Intersect(list2))

Dim union As New List
union.AddRange(list1.Union(list2))

Map 的键和值

xojo
Dim keys As List = myMap.Keys
Dim values As List = myMap.Values

总结

Xojo 集合类提供了强大的数据结构，使得处理复杂数据变得简单。通过本文的学习，您应该能够熟练地使用 List、Map 和 Set 进行基本操作。在实际开发中，这些集合类可以帮助您更有效地管理数据，提高应用程序的性能和可维护性。

完整示例代码

以下是一个完整的 Xojo 项目示例，展示了如何使用 List、Map 和 Set：

```xojo
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ProjectName
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"Xojo Collections Example"
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Window1Title
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"Xojo Collections Example"
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tag Constant
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Window1Width
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600
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Window1Height
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tag ConstantValue
400
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tag Constant
tag Text
Window1Left
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0
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tag Constant
tag Text
Window1Top
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0
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Window1Resizable
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True
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Window1HasCloseBox
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True
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tag Constant
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Window1HasMinimizeBox
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True
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tag Constant
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Window1HasMaximizeBox
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True
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Window1HasFullScreenButton
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False
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tag Text
Window1Asynchronous
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tag ConstantValue
False
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tag Constant
tag Text
Window1AutoShow
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tag ConstantValue
True
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tag Constant
tag Text
Window1Visible
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tag ConstantValue
True
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tag Constant
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Window1FullScreen
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False
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tag Constant
tag Text
Window1Centered
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True
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Window1Resizeable
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True
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Window1TitleBarVisible
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True
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tag Constant
tag Text
Window1CaptionVisible
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tag ConstantValue
True
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tag Constant
tag Text
Window1ClientHeight
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400
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tag Constant
tag Text
Window1ClientWidth
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tag ConstantValue
600
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tag Constant
tag Text
Window1TopMenuBar
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0
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tag Text
Window1LeftMenuBar
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0
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tag Text
Window1RightMenuBar
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0
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tag Text
Window1BottomMenuBar
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0
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Window1TopGutter
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0
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Window1LeftGutter
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0
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Window1RightGutter
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0
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Window1BottomGutter
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0
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Window1TabbingType
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0
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Window1TabbingOrder
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0
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Window1VisibleEdges
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0
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tag Constant
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Window1MultipleDocument
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False
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tag Constant
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Window1Resize
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True
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tag Constant
tag Text
Window1MinHeight
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0
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tag Constant
tag Text
Window1MinWidth
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tag ConstantValue
0
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tag Constant
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Window1MaxHeight
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-1
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tag Constant
tag Text
Window1MaxWidth
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-1
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tag Constant
tag Text
Window1InitialParent
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0
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Window1InitialLeft
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0
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Window1InitialTop
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0
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Window1InitialWidth
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600
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Window1InitialHeight
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400
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Window1InitialFocus
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0
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Window1InitialOnTop
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False
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Window1InitialVisible
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True
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Window1InitialPlacement
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0
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Window1AcceptFileDrop
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False
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Window1AcceptsFocus
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True
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Window1AcceptsTabFocus
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True
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tag Text
Window1HasBackgroundColor
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tag ConstantValue
True
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tag Text
Window1BackgroundColor
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&HFFFFFF
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Window1HasBorder
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True
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Window1BorderColor
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&H000000
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Window1HasCloseButton
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True
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Window1HasMaximizeButton
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True
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Window1HasMinimizeButton
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True
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Window1HasFullScreenButton
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False
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Window1HasResizeBox
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True
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Window1HasVScrollBox
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False
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Window1HasHScrollBox
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False
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Window1HasMenuBar
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False
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Window1MenuBarVisible
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False
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Window1MenuBarVisibleAtRunTime
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False
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Window1HasStatusBar
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False
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Window1StatusBarVisible
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False
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Window1StatusBarVisibleAtRunTime
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False
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Window1HasTabs
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False
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Window1HasToolbar
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False
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Window1HasCustomMenu
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False
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Window1HasVerticalScrollbar
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False
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Window1HasHorizontalScrollbar
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False
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Window1HasVerticalTabs
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False
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Window1HasHorizontalTabs
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False
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Window1HasVerticalMenuBar
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False
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Window